The original source article is seems to be a op-ed piece that is NOT peer-reviewed. ...
Climate regulating ocean plants and animals are being destroyed by toxic chemicals and plastics, accelerating our path towards ocean pH 7.95 in 25 years which will devastate humanity,
eJournal, (2021)
https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID4054409_code4642844.pdf?abstractid=3860950https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3860950The article doesn't reference any original data, methodology.or criteria for evaluating plankton population. It's not clear how they derived their graph. Seems to be from miscellaneous unrelated references
https://www.goesfoundation.com/---------------------------------------------------------
Other papers on the subject ...----------------------------------------------------------
Marine Plankton Face Threat of Extinction as Planet Warmshttps://www.unr.edu/nevada-today/news/2020/marine-planktonCensus of marine plankton fossils reveals inability to adapt to large shifts in climate
... Plankton living in the world’s coldest waters surrounding Antarctica, the Southern Ocean, are at highest risk of disappearing as temperatures rise.
In an investigation of an abundant group of microscopic plankton called radiolarians and their reaction to temperature shifts during the Neogene period several million years ago, it was discovered that large changes in temperature led to dramatic decreases in polar radiolarian biodiversity. Trubovitz’s findings contradict previous assumptions that marine plankton did and would migrate to follow favorable climate conditions in the event of large temperature shifts, instead confirming extinction as a more likely response.
Marine plankton show threshold extinction response to Neogene climate change, Nature Communications, (2020)
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-18879-7--------------------------------------------
Discovery of 'ghost' fossils reveals plankton resilience to past global warming eventshttps://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/05/220519141002.htmDeclines in the abundance of these fossils have been documented from multiple past global warming events, suggesting that these plankton were severely affected by climate change and ocean acidification. However, a study published today in the journal Science presents new global records of abundant ghost fossils from three Jurassic and Cretaceous warming events (94, 120 and 183 million years ago), suggesting that coccolithophores were more resilient to past climate change than was previously thought.
"The preservation of these ghost nannofossils is truly remarkable," says Professor Paul Bown (UCL). "The ghost fossils are extremely small -- their length is approximately five thousandths of a millimetre, 15 times narrower than the width of a human hair -- but the detail of the original plates is still perfectly visible, pressed into the surfaces of ancient organic matter, even though the plates themselves have dissolved away."
The ghost fossils formed while the sediments at the seafloor were being buried and turned into rock. As more mud was gradually deposited on top, the resulting pressure squashed the coccolith plates and other organic remains together, and the hard coccoliths were pressed into the surfaces of pollen, spores and other soft organic matter. Later, acidic waters within spaces in the rock dissolved away the coccoliths, leaving behind just their impressions -- the ghosts.
"Normally, palaeontologists only search for the fossil coccoliths themselves, and if they don't find any then they often assume that these ancient plankton communities collapsed," explains Professor Vivi Vajda (Swedish Museum of Natural History). "These ghost fossils show us that sometimes the fossil record plays tricks on us and there are other ways that these calcareous nannoplankton may be preserved, which need to be taken into account when trying to understand responses to past climate change."
"The ghost fossils show that nannoplankton were abundant, diverse and thriving during past warming events in the Jurassic and Cretaceous, where previous records have assumed that plankton collapsed due to ocean acidification," explains Professor Richard Twitchett (Natural History Museum, London). "These fossils are rewriting our understanding of how the calcareous nannoplankton respond to warming events."
Sam M. Slater, Paul Bown, Richard J. Twitchett, Silvia Danise, Vivi Vajda.
Global record of “ghost” nannofossils reveals plankton resilience to high CO 2 and warming.
Science, 2022; 376 (6595)
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abm7330-------------------------------------------