The linked reference address how the collapse of the WAIS can alter oceanic and atmospheric patterns, leading to Super Interglacial conditions:
Flavio Justino, Douglas Lindemann, Fred Kucharski, Aaron Wilson, David Bromwich, and Frode Stordal (2017), "Oceanic response to changes in the WAIS and astronomical forcing during the MIS31 superinterglacial", Clim. Past, 13, 1081–1095, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-1081-2017
https://www.clim-past.net/13/1081/2017/cp-13-1081-2017.pdf
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As it is possible that we are collectively heading towards a Super-Interglacial period, beginning in coming decades, I provide the linked collection of references related to Super-Interglacial periods largely based on paleo-findings from Lake El'gygytgyn.
In this regard, I note that MIS 11c was a Super-Interglacial period while MIS 5e was not, and that Wet et al. (2016) states: "
Based on brGDGT temperatures from Lake El'gygytgyn (this study and unpublished results), warming in the western Arctic during MIS 31 was matched only by MIS 11 during the Pleistocene."
Also, Wennrich et al. (September 2016) states: "
Periods of exceptional warming in the Pleistocene record of Lake El'gygytgyn with dense boreal forests around and peaks of primary production in the lake are assigned to so-called “super-interglacial” periods. The occurrence of these super-interglacials well corresponds to collapses of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) recorded in ice-free periods in the ANDRILL core, which suggests strong intrahemispheric teleconnections presumably driven by changes in the thermocline ocean circulation."
Also, Brigham-Grette et al. (2018) states: "
While WAIS may have been gone in MIS 5e, this was not a super interglacial by Arctic standards. This suggests thresholds of sensitivity in the earth system."
Also, Brigham-Grette et al. (2019) states: "
When the Bering Strait is closed, models suggest more ocean heat transported into the Arctic, improving the fit between extremely warm Pliocene marine and terrestrial records. Yet the depth of Bering Strait over time is unknown due to glacial isostatic adjustments, dynamic topography and regional tectonics, the last being generally neglected by the paleoclimate community."
Gregory A.de Wet, Isla S. Castañeda, Robert M. DeConto and Julie Brigham-Grette (15 February 2016), "A high-resolution mid-Pleistocene temperature record from Arctic Lake El'gygytgyn: a 50 kyr super interglacial from MIS 33 to MIS 31?", Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 436, Pages 56-63,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2015.12.021https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0012821X15007840AbstractPrevious periods of extreme warmth in Earth's history are of great interest in light of current and predicted anthropogenic warming. Numerous so called “super interglacial” intervals, with summer temperatures significantly warmer than today, have been identified in the 3.6 million year (Ma) sediment record from Lake El'gygytgyn, northeast Russia. To date, however, a high-resolution paleotemperature reconstruction from any of these super interglacials is lacking. Here we present a paleotemperature reconstruction based on branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs) from Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 35 to MIS 29, including super interglacial MIS 31. To investigate this period in detail, samples were analyzed with an unprecedented average sample resolution of 500 yrs from MIS 33 to MIS 30. Our results suggest the entire period currently defined as MIS 33–31 (∼1114–1062 kyr BP) was characterized by generally warm and highly variable conditions at the lake, at times out of phase with Northern Hemisphere summer insolation, and that cold “glacial” conditions during MIS 32 lasted only a few thousand years. Close similarities are seen with coeval records from high southern latitudes, supporting the suggestion that the interval from MIS 33 to MIS 31 was an exceptionally long interglacial (Teitler et al., 2015). Based on brGDGT temperatures from Lake El'gygytgyn (this study and unpublished results), warming in the western Arctic during MIS 31 was matched only by MIS 11 during the Pleistocene.
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Volker Wennrich et al. (September 2016), "Impact processes, permafrost dynamics, and climate and environmental variability in the terrestrial Arctic as inferred from the unique 3.6 Myr record of Lake El'gygytgyn, Far East Russia – A review", Quaternary Science Reviews, Volume 147, 1, Pages 221-244,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.03.019https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0277379116300877AbstractLake El'gygytgyn in Far East Russia is a 3.6 Myr old impact crater lake. Located in an area that has never been affected by Cenozoic glaciations nor desiccation, the unique sediment record of the lake represents the longest continuous sediment archive of the terrestrial Arctic. The surrounding crater is the only impact structure on Earth developed in mostly acid volcanic rocks. Recent studies on the impactite, permafrost, and sediment sequences recovered within the framework of the ICDP “El'gygytgyn Drilling Project” and multiple pre-site surveys yielded new insight into the bedrock origin and cratering processes as well as permafrost dynamics and the climate and environmental history of the terrestrial Arctic back to the mid-Pliocene.
Results from the impact rock section recovered during the deep drilling clearly confirm the impact genesis of the El'gygytgyn crater, but indicate an only very reduced fallback impactite sequence without larger coherent melt bodies. Isotope and element data of impact melt samples indicate a F-type asteroid of mixed composition or an ordinary chondrite as the likely impactor. The impact event caused a long-lasting hydrothermal activity in the crater that is assumed to have persisted for c. 300 kyr.
Geochemical and microbial analyses of the permafrost core indicate a subaquatic formation of the lower part during lake-level highstand, but a subaerial genesis of the upper part after a lake-level drop after the Allerød. The isotope signal and ion compositions of ground ice is overprinted by several thaw-freeze cycles due to variations in the talik underneath the lake. Modeling results suggest a modern permafrost thickness in the crater of c. 340 m, and further confirm a pervasive character of the talik below Lake El'gygytgyn.
The lake sediment sequences shed new leight into the Pliocene and Pleistocene climate and environmental evolution of the Arctic. During the mid-Pliocene, significantly warmer and wetter climatic conditions in western Beringia than today enabled dense boreal forests to grow around Lake El'gygytgyn and, in combination with a higher nutrient flux into the lake, promoted primary production. The exceptional warmth during the mid-Pliocene is in accordance with other marine and terrestrial records from the Arctic and indicates a period of enhanced “Arctic amplification”. The favourable conditions during the mid-Pliocene were repeatedly interrupted by climate deteriorations, e.g., during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) M2, when pollen data and sediment proxies indicate a major cooling and the onset of local permafrost around the lake.
A gradual vegetation change after c. 3.0 Ma points to the onset of a long-term cooling trend during the Late Pliocene that culminated in major temperature drops, first during MIS G6, and later during MIS 104. These cold events coincide with the onset of an intensified Northern Hemisphere (NH) glaciation and the largest extent of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet, respectively.
After the Pliocene/Pleistocene transition, local vegetation and primary production in Lake El'gygtygyn experienced a major change from relatively uniform conditions to a high-amplitude glacial-to-interglacial cyclicity that fluctuated on a dominant 41 kyr obliquity band, but changed to a 100 kyr eccentricity dominance during the Middle Pleistocene transition (MPT) at c. 1.2–0.6 Ma. Periods of exceptional warming in the Pleistocene record of Lake El'gygytgyn with dense boreal forests around and peaks of primary production in the lake are assigned to so-called “super-interglacial” periods. The occurrence of these super-interglacials well corresponds to collapses of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) recorded in ice-free periods in the ANDRILL core, which suggests strong intrahemispheric teleconnections presumably driven by changes in the thermocline ocean circulation.
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Title: "PP22A-04: Interglacial Intensity with Orbital Pre-conditioning Links Polar Ice Sheet Sensitivity to Warming (Invited)" by Julie Brigham-Grette, Rajarshi Roychowdhury, Robert M Deconto, Isla S. Castañeda and Helen Habicht (2018)
https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm18/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/354878Abstract: "Paleoclimate records of climate change from northeast Arctic Russia (Lake El’gygytgyn) and Antarctica over the past 3-4 Million years provide a new opportunity for understanding the sensitivity of the polar regions to forcings involving natural greenhouse gas variability, changing orbital configurations and associated feedbacks. While geography and transient atmospheric CO2 in excess of preindustrial levels can explain most of the Pliocene warming, the occurrence of Arctic super interglacials without clear pacing documented over the past 2.78 Myrs requires additional explanation. Not all interglacials are alike and the strength of the interglacial might be function of the proxy used for its identification. We hypothesize that numerous super interglacials in the Arctic correspond with extremes in insolation leading to the demise of the WAIS. During MIS 11c, 31, 49, 55, 77, 87, 91, and 93 Milankovitch forcing coinciding with extreme lows in eccentricity and high obliquity likely preconditioned the Earth system to synchronize summer melt intensity and duration to produce bipolar warming. The challenge has been to understand how these high latitude sites are linked with changes in ocean circulation, gateway changes, and heat transport. This preconditioned warming likely led to the demise of the WAIS in the Southern Hemisphere and super interglacials in the Arctic Northern Hemisphere. Diatomite layers in the ANDRILL AND-1B record coincide reasonably well super interglacials (Melles et al, 2012) but unconformities in the AND-1B cores prevent direct correlation. While WAIS may have been gone in MIS 5e, this was not a super interglacial by Arctic standards. This suggests thresholds of sensitivity in the earth system."
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Title: “Beringia as the Arctic Pacific Gateway – Interglacial intensity since the Pliocene and Why its Sea Level History just got Thorny.” by Julie Brigham-Grette and Beth Caissie (2019)
https://sites.uw.edu/amqua50/julie-brigham-grette/Abstract: The paleoclimate history of Beringia, the largest contiguous land area not covered by continental scale glaciation, provides remarkable archives of the late Cenozoic history of the Arctic Borderlands. Lake El’gygytgyn in western Beringia contains the most continuous record of glacial/interglacial change of the past 3.6 Ma, demonstrating unprecedented evidence for super interglacials and the evolving pace of glacial/interglacial change. Similarly, the International Ocean Discovery Program’s 5 Myr long records in the Bering Sea document the submergence and emergence history of the Pacific Arctic marine gateway revealing how relatively fresher North Pacific waters influenced Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation and changes in the production of North Pacific intermediate water production. When the Bering Strait is closed, models suggest more ocean heat transported into the Arctic, improving the fit between extremely warm Pliocene marine and terrestrial records. Yet the depth of Bering Strait over time is unknown due to glacial isostatic adjustments, dynamic topography and regional tectonics, the last being generally neglected by the paleoclimate community. Indeed, paleoseismic evidence shows the Bering Sea has been rotating clockwise for the past 6 Myrs with the active Kobuk fault cutting directly across Bering Strait. Integrating both the land and sea records is now possible.