From the Wikipedia entry for ICESat-2:
"The sole instrument on ICESat-2 is the Advanced Topographic Laser Altimeter System (ATLAS), a space-based LIDAR. ATLAS measures the travel time of laser photons from the satellite to Earth and back; computer programs use the travel time from multiple pulses to determine elevation."
"The ATLAS laser emits visible laser pulses at 532 nm wavelength. The laser was developed and built by Fibertek. As ICESat-2 orbits, the ATLAS generates six beams arranged in three pairs, with the pairs 3.3 km apart, in order to better determine the surface's slope and provide more ground coverage. ATLAS takes elevation measurements every 70 cm along the satellite's ground path.
The laser fires at a rate of 10 kHz. Each pulse sends out about 20 trillion photons, almost all of which are dispersed or deflected as the pulse travels to Earth's surface and bounces back to the satellite. About a dozen photons from each pulse return to the instrument and are collected with a beryllium telescope."