After scanning the Mauna Loa CO2 records that crandles linked to, my general impression is that it would be difficult to attribute any given change in CO2 to any one factor such as the on-set of a Super El Nino, by itself. However, if one thinks about both ENSO and the PDO synergy, then one might be able to see more of the holistic patterns.
In this frame of thinking, I present a little bit of additional information about the PDO cycle, together with some limited discussion of the influence of the PDO on both the prospects of a Super El Nino in 2014-2015 and on possible influences on the MLO CO2 readings:
For those not familiar with the PDO, the first image from Washington University shows the Pacific Ocean in both a typical positive PDO (in the left panel) and a typical negative PDO condition (in the right panel); while the second image (from the same source) compare a positive PDO state to a strong El Nino condition. The synergies between a positive PDO and a strong El Nino condition is clear from these images.
The following table from the Washington University link shows PDO data from 1981 to 2014:
http://www.jisao.washington.edu/pdo/PDO.latestYEAR JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
1981 0.59 1.46 0.99 1.45 1.75 1.69 0.84 0.18 0.42 0.18 0.80 0.67
1982 0.34 0.20 0.19 -0.19 -0.58 -0.78 0.58 0.39 0.84 0.37 -0.25 0.26
1983 0.56 1.14 2.11 1.87 1.80 2.36 3.51 1.85 0.91 0.96 1.02 1.69
1984 1.50 1.21 1.77 1.52 1.30 0.18 -0.18 -0.03 0.67 0.58 0.71 0.82
1985 1.27 0.94 0.57 0.19 0.00 0.18 1.07 0.81 0.44 0.29 -0.75 0.38
1986 1.12 1.61 2.18 1.55 1.16 0.89 1.38 0.22 0.22 1.00 1.77 1.77
1987 1.88 1.75 2.10 2.16 1.85 0.73 2.01 2.83 2.44 1.36 1.47 1.27
1988 0.93 1.24 1.42 0.94 1.20 0.74 0.64 0.19 -0.37 -0.10 -0.02 -0.43
1989 -0.95 -1.02 -0.83 -0.32 0.47 0.36 0.83 0.09 0.05 -0.12 -0.50 -0.21
1990 -0.30 -0.65 -0.62 0.27 0.44 0.44 0.27 0.11 0.38 -0.69 -1.69 -2.23
1991 -2.02 -1.19 -0.74 -1.01 -0.51 -1.47 -0.10 0.36 0.65 0.49 0.42 0.09
1992 0.05 0.31 0.67 0.75 1.54 1.26 1.90 1.44 0.83 0.93 0.93 0.53
1993 0.05 0.19 0.76 1.21 2.13 2.34 2.35 2.69 1.56 1.41 1.24 1.07
1994 1.21 0.59 0.80 1.05 1.23 0.46 0.06 -0.79 -1.36 -1.32 -1.96 -1.79
1995 -0.49 0.46 0.75 0.83 1.46 1.27 1.71 0.21 1.16 0.47 -0.28 0.16
1996 0.59 0.75 1.01 1.46 2.18 1.10 0.77 -0.14 0.24 -0.33 0.09 -0.03
1997 0.23 0.28 0.65 1.05 1.83 2.76 2.35 2.79 2.19 1.61 1.12 0.67
1998 0.83 1.56 2.01 1.27 0.70 0.40 -0.04 -0.22 -1.21 -1.39 -0.52 -0.44
1999 -0.32 -0.66 -0.33 -0.41 -0.68 -1.30 -0.66 -0.96 -1.53 -2.23 -2.05 -1.63
2000 -2.00 -0.83 0.29 0.35 -0.05 -0.44 -0.66 -1.19 -1.24 -1.30 -0.53 0.52
2001 0 .60 0.29 0.45 -0.31 -0.30 -0.47 -1.31 -0.77 -1.37 -1.37 -1.26 -0.93
2002 0.27 -0.64 -0.43 -0.32 -0.63 -0.35 -0.31 0.60 0.43 0.42 1.51 2.10
2003 2.09 1.75 1.51 1.18 0.89 0.68 0.96 0.88 0.01 0.83 0.52 0.33
2004 0.43 0.48 0.61 0.57 0.88 0.04 0.44 0.85 0.75 -0.11 -0.63 -0.17
2005 0.44 0.81 1.36 1.03 1.86 1.17 0.66 0.25 -0.46 -1.32 -1.50 0.20
2006 1.03 0.66 0.05 0.40 0.48 1.04 0.35 -0.65 -0.94 -0.05 -0.22 0.14
2007 0.01 0.04 -0.36 0.16 -0.10 0.09 0.78 0.50 -0.36 -1.45 -1.08 -0.58
2008 -1.00 -0.77 -0.71 -1.52 -1.37 -1.34 -1.67 -1.70 -1.55 -1.76 -1.25 -0.87
2009 -1.40 -1.55 -1.59 -1.65 -0.88 -0.31 -0.53 0.09 0.52 0.27 -0.40 0.08
2010 0.83 0.82 0.44 0.78 0.62 -0.22 -1.05 -1.27 -1.61 -1.06 -0.82 -1.21
2011 -0.92 -0.83 -0.69 -0.42 -0.37 -0.69 -1.86 -1.74 -1.79 -1.34 -2.33 -1.79
2012 -1.38 -0.85 -1.05 -0.27 -1.26 -0.87 -1.52 -1.93 -2.21 -0.79 -0.59 -0.48
2013 -0.13 -0.43 -0.63 -0.16 0.08 -0.78 -1.25 -1.04 -0.48 -0.87 -0.11 -0.41
2014 0.30
Clearly, in the 1982-1983 and the 1997-1998 Super El Nino events the PDO was positive during the initial stages of the event, and the January 2014 PDO is was plus 0.3 & I imagine in a few days we will see that the PDO for February 2014 is also positive.
It seem possible to me that some of the changes in CO2 reading at the MLO in January & February of 2014 might be related to the positive PDO in that period, possible due to such factors as: (a) changes in upwelling around the Pacific Ocean and along the coast of Chile and Peru in particular due to changes in the winds and currents (Humboldt) there in that time frame; (b) possible changes in plankton and terrestrial plants related to positive PDO changes in precipitation and local temperatures; and (c) positive PDO related changes in atmospheric mixing patterns in January and February 2014.
These are just thoughts.